Understanding Hookworm Disease in Dogs
Hookworm disease is a common yet serious health concern for dogs in Australia.
As a pet owner in Melbourne, understanding hookworms and how to prevent them can protect your dog from discomfort and illness.
What are canine hookworms?
Hookworms are small, thin parasites that attach themselves to the lining of a dog’s intestines.
They feed on the blood of their host, which can lead to significant blood loss, diarrhea weakness, and other serious health issues.
The most common species affecting dogs include Ancylostoma caninum and Uncinaria stenocephala.
What is the life cycle of a hookworm?
The hookworm life cycle begins when eggs are shed in the faeces of an infected dog.
In warm, moist environments, the eggs hatch into larvae, which can survive in the soil. These larvae penetrate the skin, or are ingested from licking contaminated surfaces or grooming themselves. They can also be transmitted through milk when puppies suckle from their mums.
Once inside the host, the larvae travel to the intestines, where they mature into adult worms and start feeding. Female hookworms lay eggs that are passed in the dog’s faeces, continuing the cycle.
How do dogs get hookworms?
Direct contact through contaminated soil or faeces penetrates the skin.
Ingestion of hookworm larvae from the environment or through grooming.
Acquiring hookworms through their mother’s milk or during pregnancy.
What are the signs your dog has hookworms?
Hookworm infestations can vary in severity depending on the dog’s age and health.
Common signs of canine hookworm include:
Pale gums - a sign of anaemia (blood loss)
Weakness and lethargy
Weight loss
Bloody or tarry stools
Diarrhoea
Coughing
Itchy or irritated skin (from larvae penetrating the skin)
Understanding canine hookworm symptoms
Hookworms can be particularly dangerous for puppies and older dogs with weaker immune systems.
Severe infestations can lead to life-threatening anaemia. If you notice any of these symptoms, consult our team immediately.
How is canine hookworm diagnosed?
Hookworm can only be diagnosed through a microscopic examination of your dog’s stool to identify hookworm eggs.
This is known as a faecal flotation test. Regular testing is important, especially if your dog frequents high-risk areas like parks and beaches or visits Queensland on holiday with you.
What is involved in canine hookworm treatment?
We will prescribe your dog with deworming medication that will kill both the adult worms and the larvae. Most deworming drugs do not kill the larvae so it is important to select the right product such as Moxidectin.
Severe cases may require treatment for anaemia, such as iron supplements or blood transfusions.
How infectious is canine hookworm?
Hookworms are highly infectious to humans and other animals.
They are known as zoonotic parasites, and their larvae can penetrate human skin, causing a condition known as cutaneous larva migrans, resulting in an itchy, red rash.
We recommend practicing good hygiene and regular deworming of your pets can reduce the risk of cross-infestation.
How to prevent hookworm in dogs?
Use our recommended deworming treatments.
Dispose of dog faeces immediately to prevent contamination.
Owners should wash their hands after handling their dog or cleaning up after them.
Be cautious in parks, beaches, or areas with poor sanitation.
Deworm puppies frequently and ensure their mother is treated during pregnancy
Keep your dog safe from hookworm
Protecting your dog from hookworm is an essential part of responsible pet ownership. Regular vet check-ups, preventative treatments, and good hygiene practices can help keep your furry friend healthy and happy.
Book an appointment today to discuss your dog’s deworming schedule and ensure they stay worm-free!